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Modern technological advancements have resulted into development of many thermocouple types to suit various applications. Although there are several types of thermocouples, the working principles are the same across all of them. Basically, this device consists of dissimilar conductors, which make contact and produce a voltage when warmed or heated. The amount of voltage generated depends on the difference in temperature between the metal junction and other components of the circuit.
Thermocouples are among the most broadly used kinds of temperature sensors in use today. They are used to measure, control, and sometimes convert temperature gradients into electrical power. Commercial thermocouples are very cheap and can be interchanged if they malfunction. They are sold with standard connectors and may be used to measure a big range of temperatures. Thermocouples differ from other forms of sensors because they do not need external excitation and they are self-powered.
Particular metal alloys with repeatable and predictable relationships between voltages and temperature are utilized in the manufacture of these gadgets. Different metal alloys are appropriate for different ranges of temperature. Intermediate connections may be constructed by use of extension wires if the measurement position is far from the equipment. Cheaper material may be utilized for the extension.
Since there are many kinds of thermocouples, when choosing, one should consider probe construction, insulation, and model. These variables affect the reliability, range, and accuracy of the readings. The device should not limit the range of temperature that needs to be measured. Major models to choose from include type K, E, J, N, B, R, and S. All these models vary in characteristics, materials, and range of temperature they can measure. Some are general purpose while other are used on specific applications.
Type K is a low cost general purpose device. It is the most widely used and as such, it comes in a wide range of probes. It can be used in any application unless otherwise stated. Its sensitivity is approximately 41 uV per degree Celsius and can measure temperatures in the range of -200 to +1200 degrees Celsius. Chromel and alumel alloy metals are used.
Type J device is non-magnetic and highly sensitive. Its sensitivity is approximated to be 68uV per degree Celsius. Due to its sensitivity, it is suitable for use on low temperature applications. Type J is second in terms of popularity after K. Its junction is composed of iron and constantan and it can be used for temperature ranges of between -40 to +750 degrees Celsius. Use below temperatures of +760 degrees Celsius is not recommendable.
Type N is designed to be an enhanced type K thermocouple. It is a good choice for high temperature applications. It is a low cost model with the ability to resist high temperature oxidation. As a result of its properties, it is gaining popularity. Types B, S, and R are referred to as noble metal thermocouples, hence they exhibit the same characteristics.
Thermocouple types vary in sensitivity hence their uses. The high stability of type S makes it to be used as a standard for calibration of gold. S model is very costly and has low sensitivity making it unsuitable for use on general applications.
Thermocouples are among the most broadly used kinds of temperature sensors in use today. They are used to measure, control, and sometimes convert temperature gradients into electrical power. Commercial thermocouples are very cheap and can be interchanged if they malfunction. They are sold with standard connectors and may be used to measure a big range of temperatures. Thermocouples differ from other forms of sensors because they do not need external excitation and they are self-powered.
Particular metal alloys with repeatable and predictable relationships between voltages and temperature are utilized in the manufacture of these gadgets. Different metal alloys are appropriate for different ranges of temperature. Intermediate connections may be constructed by use of extension wires if the measurement position is far from the equipment. Cheaper material may be utilized for the extension.
Since there are many kinds of thermocouples, when choosing, one should consider probe construction, insulation, and model. These variables affect the reliability, range, and accuracy of the readings. The device should not limit the range of temperature that needs to be measured. Major models to choose from include type K, E, J, N, B, R, and S. All these models vary in characteristics, materials, and range of temperature they can measure. Some are general purpose while other are used on specific applications.
Type K is a low cost general purpose device. It is the most widely used and as such, it comes in a wide range of probes. It can be used in any application unless otherwise stated. Its sensitivity is approximately 41 uV per degree Celsius and can measure temperatures in the range of -200 to +1200 degrees Celsius. Chromel and alumel alloy metals are used.
Type J device is non-magnetic and highly sensitive. Its sensitivity is approximated to be 68uV per degree Celsius. Due to its sensitivity, it is suitable for use on low temperature applications. Type J is second in terms of popularity after K. Its junction is composed of iron and constantan and it can be used for temperature ranges of between -40 to +750 degrees Celsius. Use below temperatures of +760 degrees Celsius is not recommendable.
Type N is designed to be an enhanced type K thermocouple. It is a good choice for high temperature applications. It is a low cost model with the ability to resist high temperature oxidation. As a result of its properties, it is gaining popularity. Types B, S, and R are referred to as noble metal thermocouples, hence they exhibit the same characteristics.
Thermocouple types vary in sensitivity hence their uses. The high stability of type S makes it to be used as a standard for calibration of gold. S model is very costly and has low sensitivity making it unsuitable for use on general applications.
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