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The liqors can act as acids or bases by which the functional group is similar to water, so that a dipole similar to having the water molecule is established. On one hand, if an liqor is faced with a strong base or an alkali metal hydride forms the alkoxy group, where the hydroxyl group is deprotonated leaving negatively charged oxygen (alcohol assessment).
Liqors have a wide range of uses in industry and science as solvents and fuels. Ethanol and methanol can be combusted in a cleaner than gasoline or diesel manner. By low toxicity and availability for non-polar substances dissolve, ethanol is often used as a solvent in pharmaceuticals, perfumes and flavorings such as vanilla vital. Liqors frequently serve as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis.
On the other hand, oxygen has two unshared pairs of electrons so that the hydroxyl could be protonated, although in practice this leads to a very weak base, so that for this process to occur, it is necessary to deal with an acid to liqor very strong. For chlorinated or brominated liqors, should take into account the following considerations. Primary liqor: primary liqors react very slowly. As can not form carbocations, activated primary liqor remains in solution until it is attacked by chloride ion. With a primary liqor, the reaction can take thirty minutes to several days. Secondary liqor: secondary liqors take less time, between 5 and 20 minutes, because side carbocations are less stable than tertiary.
Other compositions: may contain isopropyl liqor, is unfit to drink, but may be more effective for use as a drying. In organic chemistry, an liqor is an organic compound having one of carbons (the latter being tetrahedral) is bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). Ethanol (or ethyl liqor) in composition of liqoric beverages is a special case of liqor, but all liqors are not suitable for consumption. In particular, methanol is toxic and lethal in high doses. When liqor is the main function, simply replace the terminal vowel "e" of corresponding alkane by the suffix -ol and indicate the number of carbon atom to which the hydroxyl is attached, although at times when it is not necessary to description, this information is omitted.
If it is not the main function, add the prefix hydroxy- preceded by the carbon atom number where the group is attached. For the conjugate base of liqor, liqorate ion, just replace the terminal vowel "e" by -olate suffix (not to be confused with the suffix -oate characteristic of carboxylate, conjugate base the carboxylic acid).
Phenols, are sometimes referred to as individual liqors in which hydroxyl is bonded to a carbon of a benzene ring. Their reactivity is so different from that of other liqors (here the carbon bearing the OH group is not tetrahedral), phenols are generally classified outside the liqor family.
Tertiary liqor: although resist being oxidized with mild oxidizing, if an energetic as potassium permanganate is used, tertiary liqors are oxidized products giving as a ketone with a number less carbon atoms, and methane is released .
The liqors can be produced by fermentation, including methanol from wood and ethanol from fruits and grains. The industry is resorted to only in case of ethanol to produce fuel and drinks. In other cases, liqors are synthesized from organic compounds from natural gas or oil in particular by hydration of alkenes.
Liqors have a wide range of uses in industry and science as solvents and fuels. Ethanol and methanol can be combusted in a cleaner than gasoline or diesel manner. By low toxicity and availability for non-polar substances dissolve, ethanol is often used as a solvent in pharmaceuticals, perfumes and flavorings such as vanilla vital. Liqors frequently serve as versatile intermediates in organic synthesis.
On the other hand, oxygen has two unshared pairs of electrons so that the hydroxyl could be protonated, although in practice this leads to a very weak base, so that for this process to occur, it is necessary to deal with an acid to liqor very strong. For chlorinated or brominated liqors, should take into account the following considerations. Primary liqor: primary liqors react very slowly. As can not form carbocations, activated primary liqor remains in solution until it is attacked by chloride ion. With a primary liqor, the reaction can take thirty minutes to several days. Secondary liqor: secondary liqors take less time, between 5 and 20 minutes, because side carbocations are less stable than tertiary.
Other compositions: may contain isopropyl liqor, is unfit to drink, but may be more effective for use as a drying. In organic chemistry, an liqor is an organic compound having one of carbons (the latter being tetrahedral) is bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH). Ethanol (or ethyl liqor) in composition of liqoric beverages is a special case of liqor, but all liqors are not suitable for consumption. In particular, methanol is toxic and lethal in high doses. When liqor is the main function, simply replace the terminal vowel "e" of corresponding alkane by the suffix -ol and indicate the number of carbon atom to which the hydroxyl is attached, although at times when it is not necessary to description, this information is omitted.
If it is not the main function, add the prefix hydroxy- preceded by the carbon atom number where the group is attached. For the conjugate base of liqor, liqorate ion, just replace the terminal vowel "e" by -olate suffix (not to be confused with the suffix -oate characteristic of carboxylate, conjugate base the carboxylic acid).
Phenols, are sometimes referred to as individual liqors in which hydroxyl is bonded to a carbon of a benzene ring. Their reactivity is so different from that of other liqors (here the carbon bearing the OH group is not tetrahedral), phenols are generally classified outside the liqor family.
Tertiary liqor: although resist being oxidized with mild oxidizing, if an energetic as potassium permanganate is used, tertiary liqors are oxidized products giving as a ketone with a number less carbon atoms, and methane is released .
The liqors can be produced by fermentation, including methanol from wood and ethanol from fruits and grains. The industry is resorted to only in case of ethanol to produce fuel and drinks. In other cases, liqors are synthesized from organic compounds from natural gas or oil in particular by hydration of alkenes.
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